My Body Book – Respiratory System

Table of Contents:

Chapter 1 – Introduction

Chapter 2 – Model of Respiratory System and Definitions

Chapter 3 – Top half of the Respiratory System

Chapter 4 – Bottom half of the Respiratory System

Chapter 5 – How the Respiratory System works with the Skeletal System

Chapter 6 – How the Respiratory System works with the Muscular System

Chapter 7 – Cells that make up the Respiratory System

Chapter 8 – Model of Cell and Definitions

Chapter 9 – Fun Facts

Chapter 10 – Bibliography/ Works Cited

Chapter 1 – Introduction

The respiratory system is one of the most important systems in the human body because it is the central part of breathing. It is also one of the 12 body systems in the body. The respiratory system includes the lungs, mouth/ oral cavity, etc.. The respiratory system works with many other systems like the skeletal system and the muscular system. It is so important that this system is needed for the survival of the human body.

Chapter 2 – Model of Respiratory System and Definitions

1. Oral cavity: It consists of mouth and the parts around it. It is the start of the digestive and respiratory system. In the model, it is the brown-colored part.
2. Nasal Cavity: This part of the respiratory system filters the air so only the fresh air goes into the lungs and not particles of dust. In the model, it is the red-colored area next to the nose.
3. Paranasal Sinuses: The Paranasal Sinuses are very close to the Nasal Cavity. It helps with keeping your head at a good temperature and it regulates the flow of the air. It is the yellow area on the red colored Nasal Cavity.

1. Trachea: Trachea connects the Larynx to the Carnia of the Trachea. It delivers the air. In the model, it is the blue-colored tube.
2. Pharynx: It carries the air from the Oral Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses, Nasal Cavity to the Larynx. In the model, it is the red part of the neck.
3. Larynx: It is a small tube that has a flap just below the Oral Cavity. When the flap opens it lets food in and lets it go to the esophagus. When you breathe, the flap stays closed and the air goes through another part of the Larynx that takes to the Trachea. In the model, it is the green part of the neck.
4. Carnia of Trachea: It is at the end of the Trachea and it splits the air evenly to both lungs. In the model, it is the blue triangle in the middle of the blue tube.

1. Left Bronchus: It is a continuation of the Trachea but it branches off of the Carnia of the Tracea and it goes to the left lung.
2. Right Bronchus: The function of this organ is similar to that of Left Bronchus but it sends the air to the right lung.
3. Left Lung: This part of the body does some more filtration of air but the main job is to send out the oxygen to all other body parts and take the carbon dioxide from them. In the model, it is one of the big orange parts in the chest. To accommodate room for the heart the Left Lung is drawn smaller than the right lung.
4. Right Lung: This part does the same thing as the Left Lung but it is on the right side of your body.

1. Diaphragm: It is part of both the respiratory system and the muscular system. It is a thin skeletal muscule (pink colored) that flattens when you inhale and it pulls air into your body as it contracts, and when it puffs back up it pushes the air out of your body as an exhale. It is the pink color dome in my model.
2. Rib: The rib is also part of both the skeletal system and the respiratory system. The ribs protect the lungs from damage so nothing happens to your lungs.
3. Bronchioles: This part of the body is the extension of both of the bronchus that moves the air inside the lungs.

Chapter 3 – Upper Respiratory System

The Upper Respiratory Tract/ Upper Airways is mostly in charge of bringing/ transportation of the air into the body and it also does some of the main filtrations of the air. The main parts of the Upper Respiratory Tract are the Oral Cavity, Nasal Cavity, and Phyrnax. The Upper Airways include the Nasal Cavity to part of the Larynx.

Chapter 4 – Lower Respiratory System

The Lower Respiratory Tract is in charge of bringing the air to the lungs and distributing it all over the body. The main parts of the Lower Respiratory Tract are the Trachea and the Lungs. The lower respiratory system includes portions of the Larynx to the Lungs.

Chapter 5 – How the Respiratory System Works With the Skeletal System

One system that the Respiratory system works with is the Skeletal System. The Skeletal System is made up of all the bones in the human body. The Respiratory System and the Skeletal System interact because the ribs (part of the Skeletal System) are protecting the Lung (part of the Respiratory System). The ribs make sure the Lungs are safe and don’t experience any external damage.  At the same time, the Lungs provide oxygen to the parts of the body, muscles that support the bone movement.

Chapter 6 – How the Respiratory System Works With the Muscular System

Another system that the Respiratory System works with is the Muscular System. The Muscular System consists of all the muscles in the human body. One main way both of these systems interact is via a muscle called the diaphragm. The diaphragm is a muscle that acts as a vacuum. When you breathe in the Diaphragm contracts causing a sucking feeling pulling the air in. When you exhale the Diaphragm expands pushing the air out. In exchange, the Respiratory System provides oxygen to all muscles so they can function properly.

Chapter 7 – Cells in the Respiratory System

There are many types of cells that make up the respiratory system but the main ones are Goblet Cells and Ciliated Cells.

Goblet Cells are a column like cells that’s the main role is to create Mucus. Mucus is a slime-like substance that coats membranes to protect them.

Ciliated Cells are hair-like structures that sweep particles of food, trapped dust, and bacteria up to the back of the throat where it can be swallowed and so it does not get into the Lungs.

This model is from https://toxtutor.nlm.nih.gov/10-003.html.

It shows how Ciliated cells work. The hair thing is the Ciliated Cell. The tall ones on the extream right and left are the Basal Cells. The Goblet Cells are the purple part in the middle of the other types of cells. There is also a small tan gap for every group Goblet Cells.

Limitations of both my model (pg# 3 and pg# 21):

1. These model is not a 3d model.
2. You can physically touch it.
3. It does not move at all.
4. It is not to scale.

Chapter 8 – Model of a Cell

1. Nucleus: It is the center of the cell that also acts like the boss. It contains the DNA
2. Nucleus Membrane: This keeps the nucleus protected from harmful activities and keeps it functional.
3. Cytoplasm: It is a gooey substance and it is in the cell to keep everything in place, so all of the other parts don’t hit each other.
4. Cell Membrane: It is basically like a wall. It controls what goes in and out of the cell. It makes it so each cell is different and so each cell stays enclosed in itself. Also, it provides protection.

1. Mitochondria: This cell organelle is what makes the energy for the cell. All the other organelles run off of the mitochondria. The type of energy is called ATP energy.
2. Ribosomes: This organelle takes the DNA/ genetic information from the nucleus and makes proteins.
3. Golgi Apparatus: It sends messages and retrieves when from other cells.
4. Lysosome: It contains degrading/ digesting enzymes. This makes it so your cell can degrade things if wanted, and also lets cell eat.

1. Endoplasmic Reticulum: It holds ribosomes in place and since it is next to the nucleus it can get the DNA faster to the ribosomes.
2. Vesicle: Organizes the cell organelles. Vesicles do metabolism, transport/movement of organelles, buoyancy control, and sometimes it even temporary stores food and/ or enzymes.
3. Centrosome: This organelle is the main microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in an animal cell. Also, it makes sure to maintain an equal distribution of chromosomes in mitosis/ cell division.

Chapter 9 – Fun Facts

1. Breathing is the most important process for our body but the Respiratory System (breathing system) is one of the most complicated systems in our body.
2. People breathe 13 pints of air a minute.
3. If our lungs are spread out they can be bigger than a tennis court.
4. Lungs are the only organ in the human body that can float on water.

Bibliography/ Works Cited

1. Barclay, Tim. “Respiratory System: Interactive Anatomy Guide.” Innerbody, 16 July 2019, www.innerbody.com/anatomy/respiratory.
2. Blaivas, Alan, et al. “Anatomy of the Respiratory System.” Anatomy of the Respiratory System – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center, www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx
3. ContentTypeID=85&ContentID=P01300.Bowen, Richard. “Goblet Cells.” Goblet Cells, 2005, www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/topics/goblets.html.

1. “Cell Structure.” Cell Structure | SEER Training, 2019, training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/cells_tissues_membranes/cells/structure.html.
2. “ToxTutor – Respiratory Tract.” U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 2019, toxtutor.nlm.nih.gov/10-003.html.
3. Zimmermann, Kim Ann. “Respiratory System: Our Avenue for Gas Exchange.” LiveScience, Purch, 2019, www.livescience.com/22616-respiratory-system.html.