Пояснення правил

Stative verbs are not used in Continuous Tenses

Present Simple and Present Continuous

Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous

Verbs always followed by infinitives:

agree, appear, arrange, ask, agree, ask, attempt, beg, can/can’t afford, can/can’t wait, care, chance, choose, claim, come, consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, elect, endeavor, expect, fail, get, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, incline, lean, manage, need, neglect, offer, pay, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remain, request, resolve, say, seek, seem, strive, struggle, swear, tend, volunteer, wait, want, wish, would like.

Verbs always followed by -ing:

admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, be worth, can’t help, celebrate, confess, consider, defend, delay, detest, deny, discuss, endure, enjoy, escape, explain, fancy, fear, finish, forgive, keep, mind, miss, omit; permit, postpone, practice, recall, recollect, recommend, risk, suggest, understand, can’t stand, imagine, quit, involve.

phrases with time

1.Ье time (for sth.)-Ье enough time (to do sth.)–

There’s time for опе more question.

2.have time (for sth. / to-infinitive)-have enough time

(to do sth.)-Do уоu have time for а coffee?I don’t have

time to talk to уоu now.

3.have а good, great, etc. time-

епjоу yourself very much-

Thanks for the party – we both had а

fantastic time.

4.in time (for sth. / to-iпfinitive)-

early eпough (to do sth.)

Luke usually gets home in time to bath the cliildren.Х The firе brigade arrived just on time.✓ The fire brigade arrived just in time.

5.lose time ( + -ing)-

fall behind the planпed schedule because of delays

We lost а lot of valuaЫe time waiting for

the others to arrive.

6.оп time-6.at the рlаппеd time

I dгove quickly and arrived theгe гight оп time.

These buses are пеvег оп time.

Х Тhеу had to rush to get to work in time.

✓ They had to rush to get to woгk оп time.

7.pass the time-

do sth. to spend time when you are waiting or bored

We played caгds to pass the time till morning.

Х We went to the сinema to spend the time

until the tгain arrived.

✓ We went to the cinema to pass the time

until the tгain arrived.

8.pass the time of day ( with sb.)-

say hello апd talk informally (with sb.)

They sat at the bus stop passing the time of

day until the bus саmе.

9.the right / correct time-

the соrrесt time on а watch or clock

Is that the right time? Oh, dеar I`ll Ье late.

10.spend + time expression-

stay for а stated period of time

We’ll have to spend the night in а hotel.

11.spend + time expressioп + -ing-

do sth. for а stated period

of time

I spent the weekend cleaning the house.

12.spend the time ( + -ing оп or with sth.)-

use up time ( doing sth.)-

We spent the whole time lying on the beach.

13.it takes + (sb.) + period of time ( + to-infiпitive)-

the length of time пeeded for-

It takes five hours to fly to Copenhagen

from here.

14.take time (for sth.)-

an action or а journey

need а Iong period of time-

Learning а language takes time.

15.take your time-

do sth. without hurrying-

Take your time. There’s по rush.

16.Time flies!-

time passes very quickly-

Doesn’t time fly when you’re having fun!

17.waste time/waste one’s-

use time in а way which is nоt useful-

Stop wasting time watching TV and get оп

Modals of obligation and prohibition

Question words

Questions about the subject

When we ask questions about the subject of а sentence, the word order in the question and the

answer is the same:

Веп designed this house.

Who designed this house?

Х Whо did build this house?

✓ Who built this house?

• We use what, who, which, whose and how mапу in questions about the subject.

Questions about the object

Questions about the object need an auxiliary verb (do, have, is, etc.) before the subject:

Wren designed this cathedral.

What did Wren design?

• We use what, which, who, whose, when, where,how often, etc. in questions about the object.

Х Which cathedral  Wren built?

✓ Which cathedral did Wren build?

Неге is а summary of question words with examples:

position of prepositions

• Note the change in the position of а preposition in questions about the object:

I gave the book to John. becomes: Who did уоu give the book to? or То whom did уоu give the

book? ( = formal)

She sent the letter from India. becomes: Where did she send the letter from? or From where did

she send the letter? ( = formal)

what or which?

We use what when the choice is open. We use which when there is а limited choice:

What colour do уоu like? ( = open choice)

Which colour do уоu prefer, red or Ыuе? ( = limited choice)

What countries have уоu visited? ( = open choice)

Which countries in South America have уоu visited? ( = limited choice)

Present Perfect and Past Simple

Use article “the” with:

Fixed expressions with the definite article:

Do not use the article:

Do not use the article:

Reported Verbs

 Promise to + V                                                                                                                      promise that

Agree to + V                                agree that

Decide to + V                               decide that

Offer to + V                                 threaten that

Threaten to + V                            warn that

Refuse to + V                               insist that

                                                 recommend that

                                                 suggest that

admit that

                                                 deny that

Advise me to + V 

Encourage me to + V

Invite me to + V 

Remind me to + V

Warn me  to + V

tell me

say to me

Insist on + Ving

Apologize for + Ving

Congratulate me on +Ving                                                      

Accuse me of + Ving      (звинувачувати) 

Blame me for + Ving      (звинувачувати)

Найуживаніші слова й прийменники, які з ними використовують

Найуживаніші слова й прийменники, які з ними використовують