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Australia

Australia is in the southern hemisphere of the Earth and is entirely of the same name as the mainland, the adjoining large island of Tasmania in the south and numerous small ones around, including Norfolk and Lord How in the Pacific. The capital of Australia is the city of Canberra, located in a specially created Australian metropolitan area. The largest city is Sydney. The country is highly urbanized, most of the population lives in the south-east, in the states of Victoria and New South Wales. Australia is a constitutional monarchy headed by the British monarch Elizabeth II.
Australia is the oldest, thinnest and driest continent with the least fertile soils on the planet. The vast size of the country provides a wide range of landscapes, with deserts in the center, tropical forests in the northeast and mountain ranges in the east.

New Zealand

New Zealand is located in the southwest Pacific Ocean in the Polynesian Triangle in the central region of the hemisphere of water. The main territory of the country consists of two islands with proper names – South Island and North Island. The western coast of the islands is washed by the Tasman Sea, and the other shores of the country are the Pacific Ocean. South and North islands separated by Cook’s Strait.
South Island is the largest island in New Zealand and the 12th largest island on the planet, with an area of ​​151,215 km². The island is home to about a quarter of the country’s population. Along the island from north to south, the ridge of the folded mountains of the Southern Alps, the highest peak of which is Mount Cook (43 ° 35’44 “N, 170 ° 08’27” NW, another official name – Aoraki), is 3754 meters . In addition to it on the Southern Island there are 18 vertices of a height of more than 3000 m. The eastern part of the island is more plain and almost completely covered with agricultural land. The western coast of the island is inhabited much less densely. Here significant areas of virtually untouched nature with virgin plant and animal world have survived. The western part is also known by numerous national parks, fjords and glaciers that descend from the slopes of the Southern Alps directly to the Tasman Sea. The largest lake in the island is Te Anau (the second largest lake in New Zealand).

Canada

Canada is a country that occupies the northern part of North America and almost half the area of ​​the continent, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west.
the territory in which Canada is now located was inhabited by indigenous people more than 25 thousand years ago. From the 15th century, the British and French expeditions first explored, and then settled the Atlantic coast of the country simultaneously. However, in 1763, after seven years of war, France lost almost all of its possessions in North America, including Canada. In 1867, as a result of the unification of the three British North American colonies, Canada was formed as a federal formation of four provinces in the status of the British Dominion [3] [4] [5]. After that, the territorial expansion of Canada and its status of autonomy from the United Kingdom, in accordance with the Westminster Charter of 1931, took place. Autonomy was enshrined in the Canadian Act of 1982, for which the remnants of legal dependence on the British Parliament forever were torn.
Canada is a federation of ten provinces and three territories, in the form of government – a constitutional (parliamentary) monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. The country itself is multicultural and multilingual: at the federal level, two official languages ​​- English and French – are recognized. Being a technologically and industrially developed country, Canada has a diversified economy, which is heavily based on the rich natural resources of the country and on trade, first of all with the United States of America, with which Canada has a long and complex relationship. Canada is a member of the G-7, NATO, the British Commonwealth, the Francophonie and the United Nations.

England

England is a country in Western Europe that is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The largest and most populated area of ​​the four United Kingdom countries and three parts of Great Britain. Bound with two other parts of the UK – Wales in the west and Scotland in the north within the island of Great Britain. The name of the country comes from the name of the Angles tribe, one of the Germanic tribes that settled here in the V and VI centuries. England has not been a political entity since 1707, when Great Britain was formed from the Kingdom of England and its dependent countries. The capital of England, London, is also the capital of Great Britain.
Features: climate variability and the diversity of relief forms; high population density – among the European countries only the Netherlands are inhabited more densely;

The USA

The United States is a federal constitutional republic in which power is shared between the federal government and the governments of 50 states. Each of the 50 states has its own constitution, a system of government and administration. The executive, legislative and judicial authorities are represented by the President, the Congress and the Supreme Court respectively. The United States is the founder of the UN and has a permanent seat on the UN Security Council, the founders of the North Atlantic Alliance. The US has powerful military forces, including the largest naval fleet; The United States has the largest nuclear power potential on Earth on aggregate power. From the end of XX century (after the collapse of the USSR) are considered the only superpower in the world.
. Currency – The United States Dollar, the world’s main reserve currency. The United States is one of the most ethnically varied and multicultural countries in the world, historically as a result of large-scale immigration from different countries and continents