The Tempest

Characters:

Prospero –  The play’s protagonist, and father of Miranda. Twelve years before the events of the play, Prospero was the duke of Milan. His brother, Antonio, in concert with Alonso, king of Naples, usurped him, forcing him to flee in a boat with his daughter.

Miranda –  The daughter of Prospero, Miranda was brought to the island at an early age .

Ariel –  Prospero’s spirit helper. Ariel is referred to throughout this SparkNote and in most criticism as “he,” but his gender and physical form are ambiguous.

Caliban –  Another of Prospero’s servants. Caliban, the son of the now-deceased witch Sycorax.

Ferdinand  –  Son and heir of Alonso..

The plot :

The  Prospero, rightful Duke of Milan, and his daughter, Miranda, have been stranded for twelve years on an island after Prospero’s jealous brother Antonio  deposed him and set him adrift with the 3-year-old Miranda. Gonzalo, Alonso’s counselor, had secretly supplied their boat with some food, fresh water, “rich garments, linens, stuffs and necessaries”, and “volumes” (books) that Prospero prizes. Possessing magic powers due to his great learning, Prospero is served by a spirit, Ariel, whom Prospero had rescued from a tree in which he had been trapped by the cruel witch, Sycorax, after he had refused to obey her. Prospero maintains Ariel’s loyalty by repeatedly promising to release the “airy spirit” from servitude. Sycorax had been exiled from Algiers to the island for wreaking havoc with her magic, and had died before Prospero’s arrival and without releasing Ariel. Sycorax’ son, Caliban, a deformed monster and the only non-spiritual inhabitant before the arrival of Prospero, was initially adopted and raised by him. He taught Prospero how to survive on the island, while Prospero and Miranda taught Caliban religion and their own language. In slavery, Caliban has come to view Prospero as a usurper and has grown to resent him and his daughter. Prospero and Miranda in turn view Caliban with disappointment, contempt and disgust. Prospero only performs one act of magic himself directly on stage: he disarms Ferdinand, causing his nerves to become “in their infancy again”. The rest of his magic is through controlling spirits , which is how magicians of the time were believed to operate.

the tempest

Three plots then alternate through the play. In one, Caliban falls in with Stephano and Trinculo, two drunkards, believing Stephano to be a “brave god” who “bears celestial liquor”. They attempt to raise a coup against Prospero, which ultimately fails. In another, Prospero works to encourage a romantic relationship between Ferdinand and Miranda; the two fall immediately in love, but Prospero worries that “too light winning [may] make the prize light”, and compels Ferdinand to become his servant, pretending that he regards him as a spy. In the third subplot, Antonio and Sebastian conspire to kill Alonso and Gonzalo so that Sebastian can become King. Ariel thwarts them, at Prospero’s command. Ariel appears to the “three men of sin” (Alonso, Antonio and Sebastian) as a harpy, reprimanding them for their betrayal of Prospero. Prospero, who has witnessed this, leaves to visit Ferdinand and Miranda. The three guilty nobles run off, distracted and in a frenzy, and Gonzalo and the attendant lords chase after to prevent them from doing “what this ecstasy may now provoke them to”.

chunk:

combat :يعالج , يكافح

overcome :يسيطر على

rehabilitation : اعادة تاهيل

foundation : فكره او عقيده اساسيه

rude:وقح

towards:نحو ,اتجاه

priest:كاهن

deal with:يتعامل مع

deception: خداع