Cengiz Khan
by Enes ÖZKAYA
Copyright © 2021
Cengiz Khan
Copyright © 2021
Timucin was born on January 21, 1155, He was born at the beginning of the year of the pig according to the Turkish calendar. Timucin was born in Deli-UN Boldok, located in the territory of Eastern Siberia. Timucin is father is Yesügay Bahadır, the head of the Mongols. Timucin is mother is Houlen Ece. Timucin lost his father at the age of thirteen. After his father died, Timucin and his family made a living by fishing and hunting.
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This bad period lasted twenty-seven years. During this period, Timucin fought with Tayciyuts, Mercites and some other tribes. as a result, Timucin gained political, administrative and military experience. In 1195, a large number of tribes joined Timucin. In 1197, he defeated Merkites and He killed Tokta-Beki, the Lord of the Mercites. In 1199 Timucin defeated Buyruk Han with Ong Han.
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In 1200, when the Tayciuts, Katagins, and Dormen came together and tried to strengthen, Ong Khan and Timucin defeated them. In 1201, the Enkiras, Kurilas, Dörmen, Tatar, Katagin and Salciyut tribes united. A year later, Timuçin declared war on them. Timucin won the war. After this war, the Kongirat tribe came to Timucin and declared their allegiance. Timucin made a great expedition over the Tatar city in 1202.
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Timucin his enemies dealt a heavy blow. Ong Khan and his son Shenggun planned assassinated Timucin in 1203,but Timuçin knew this. Timucin plundered Ong Khan’s homeland, Kerayit country. Ong Khan and his son escaped. Timucin made an expedition to Tangut city for the first time in 1205, plundering the cities of this country. Timucin had gathered all the steppe rulers under his rule in 1206.
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The same year, the Kurultay (Kurultay: a meeting attended by dignitaries to talk about the main problems and find solutions.) gave Timucin the title of Cengiz and khan. he became the greatest ruler of all the steppe tribes. Timucin had become Cengiz Khan. Cengiz Khan became the biggest ruler of all the steppe tribes.
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In 1207, Cengiz khan made a second expedition to the Tanguts, returning with many spoils. In the same year, he sent an envoy to the kirghiz ruler and asked them to obey. kirghiz rulers obeyed Cengiz Khan. Cengiz Khan marched on the Tanguts at the end of 1210. The Tangut Ruler shidurhu gave his daughter to Cengiz Khan and he obeyed of the Cengiz khan.
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Cengiz Khan sent his own soldiers to the city of Balasagun in 1215 and tribes there obeyed the Cengiz khan. In 1217 Cengiz Khan Subitay Noyan marched with Togachar Noyan to the Mercites .He then sent his son Cuci to the Kyrgyz and took over the Kyrgyz city. Cengiz khan decreed a new expedition in 1219.
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This new Expedition was to be on Harizmshah because The ruler of harizmshah plundered the caravans of Cengiz Khan. Cengiz Khan besieged the city of Otrar in the autumn of 1219. Cengiz han left his sons Cagatay and Ogedey here and walked on Buhara.
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Cengiz khan conquered the city of Buhara on 10 February 1220 after a three-day siege. In March, Semerkant surrendered. Cengiz Khan continued expeditions for 4 years and Cengiz Khan conquered the entire Harizmshah country in 1224. Cengiz Khan went on an expedition again in 1227 but he got sick on the way and Cengiz Khan died. Cengiz Khan didn’t want anyone to find his tomb. Cengiz Khan wanted the soldiers attending his funeral to kill themselves.
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Published: Apr 15, 2021
Latest Revision: Apr 15, 2021
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